Basic metabolic panel

Basic metabolic panel
Diagnostics
LOINC	24320-4, 24321-2, 51990-0

A basic metabolic panel (BMP) is a set of seven or eight blood chemical tests. It is one of the most common lab tests ordered by health care providers. It provides key information that has a variety of applications in guiding the medical management of a patient. For example, values can be used to assess and monitor a patient's fluid and electrolyte status, kidney function, blood sugar levels, and response to various medications and other medical therapies. It is also frequently employed as a screening tool to look for problems that might need to be addressed, as many disease processes can cause a derangement in the blood serum levels of basic metabolites.

1 Components
2 Reporting
3 See also
4 References

Components

The version with seven tests is often referred to by medical professionals in USA as the "CHEM-7", or "SMA-7" (Sequential Multiple Analysis-7).^[1] The seven parts of a CHEM-7 are tests for:

Four electrolytes:
- sodium (Na⁺) ^[2]
- potassium (K⁺) ^[3]
- chloride (Cl⁻) ^[4]
- bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) or CO₂ ^[5]

blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ^[6]

creatinine ^[7]

glucose ^[8]

Calcium (Ca²⁺) is often considered part of the BMP,^[9]^[10] though, by definition, it is not part of the CHEM-7. A basic metabolic panel including calcium is sometimes colloquially referred to as a "CHEM-8".

Reporting

Pathophysiology sample values
BMP/ELECTROLYTES:
Na⁺=140	Cl⁻=100	BUN=20	/
			Glu=150
K⁺=4	CO₂=22	PCr=1.0	\
ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS:
HCO₃^-=24	p_aCO₂=40	p_aO₂=95	pH=7.40
ALVEOLAR GAS:
	p_ACO₂=36	p_AO₂=105	A-a g=10
OTHER:
Ca=9.5	Mg²⁺=2.0	PO₄=1
CK=55	BE=−0.36	AG=16
SERUM OSMOLARITY/RENAL:
PMO = 300	PCO=295	POG=5	BUN:Cr=20
URINALYSIS:
UNa⁺=80	UCl⁻=100	UAG=5	FENa=0.95
UK⁺=25	USG=1.01	UCr=60	UO=800
PROTEIN/GI/LIVER FUNCTION TESTS:
LDH=100	TP=7.6	AST=25	TBIL=0.7
ALP=71	Alb=4.0	ALT=40	BC=0.5
		AST/ALT=0.6	BU=0.2
AF alb=3.0	SAAG=1.0		SOG=60
CSF:
CSF alb=30	CSF glu=60	CSF/S alb=7.5	CSF/S glu=0.4

These lab values are often listed in a standard grid:

Na⁺	Cl⁻	BUN
K⁺	CO₂	creatinine

Glucose (and sometimes calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) are listed to the right of this grid, but there is greater variation in how these values are reported.